完全伪装与充分沟通
One major drawback of multispectral camouflage systems is that they neutralise not only enemy radar waves, but also useful radio and GPS signals. Now, Saab’s business unit Barracuda is rewriting the rule book with a camouflage system that manages hostile radar waves while allowing users full access to radio communication and GPS.
地面、空中和卫星雷达系统对部署的武装部队构成了主要威胁. 通过识别雷达反射物体, such as tanks, trucks and aircraft, 他们剥夺了部队的掩护和出其不意的因素.
Advanced camouflage solutions like Saab’s ULCAS static nets can neutralise this threat thanks to materials that attenuate or weaken radar pulses. But up until now there has been one distinct drawback: the radar attenuating materials in multispectral nets not only neutralise radar waves but also the radio waves used for voice communication and GPS.
“现代战斗形势瞬息万变，部署部队保持联系至关重要”
“如果你在传统的多频谱网络下，你想使用无线电进行通信, you generally need to place your antenna outside the net in order to get past the broad spectrum protection and to get a signal,” says Dr Johan Jersblad, 十大正规博彩网站排名业务部门Barracuda的高级开发工程师. “In doing so, 你有暴露在敌人面前的危险, which is not ideal, 特别是当你在进行前方侦察时. In the case of using GPS, 你可能需要把整个GPS装置放在网外, and so you are even more exposed.”
Now, a game-changing innovation from Saab´s business unit Barracuda is about to radically alter the situation. 被称为频率选择表面系统或FSS, the solution allows users of specially produced ULCAS nets to make full use of radio and GPS systems while remaining fully concealed.
“现代战斗形势瞬息万变，部署部队保持联系至关重要,” says Jersblad. “Meanwhile GPS is vital for providing coordinates when you are coordinating air strikes from the ground. 与FSS系统为我们的梭鱼ULCAS系统, you can have full access to both these resources without reducing your level of signature management.”
Lattice pattern key to system
Jersblad解释说，传统多光谱网络的挑战在于敌人的雷达系统, 无线电通信和GPS都依赖于电磁波. The materials used to attenuate radar waves in conventional multispectral nets not only block common radar frequencies but a wide spectrum of radio waves.
在接到潜在客户的询问后, we began exploring the potential for nets that focused on specifically absorbing the higher frequency electromagnetic waves used by radar systems rather than a broader spectrum,” he says. “The result of this work is a camouflage system where the radar attenuating material is arranged in a lattice pattern. The size and shape of the pattern absorbs high-frequency radar waves but allows radio waves to pass easily through.”
Internal network of experts
通过这项研究生产的ULCAS FSS网与我们传统的ULCAS网非常相似. “Looking at it, 你无法发现带有FSS的ULCAS网络和普通网络之间的区别 ,” says Jersblad. “它们的外观和重量相同，并且具有相同的视觉和热性能. 但在不冒暴露风险的情况下进行沟通方面，两者有很大的不同.”
新的网络代表着在解决无线电中断问题上比以前的尝试迈出了重要一步. These include installing radio windows in the netting that were both inconvenient to use and negatively affected signature management.
Saab was at an advantage in developing the system thanks to its broad range of internal competences and wide-ranging knowledge of defence applications. For example, input was received by Saab engineers working with radomes – protective covers for jet fighter radar systems that allow for the selective absorption of certain radar signals. “Experts from the radome team were able to help doing calculations and performing simulations to create the best pattern solution,” says Jersblad.
客户可以有雷达保护和通信
The FSS system is currently undergoing final testing with a view to it being released to the market during 2023. Exhaustive field tests have already established its effectiveness at letting useful electromagnetic spectrums in, while keeping out undesirable ones.
“看过它的顾客已经留下了深刻的印象，”杰斯布拉德说. “One customer said they had left such a feature out of the specifications for their camouflage nets because they didn’t think it was possible. Another customer said they had previously sacrificed radar protection in their camouflage so they could maintain their ability to communicate freely. 有了ULCAS FSS，他们不再需要选择一个或另一个.”
While the initial application of the FSS system is to keep out radar signals while allowing radio waves to pass through, 其他结果可以通过改变模式设计来实现. “For example, by changing the pattern, 我们可以屏蔽通信无线电波，让雷达波通过,” says Jersblad. “如果你有雷达在网下工作，这可能会很有用.”
ULCAS FSS
将于2023年发布的ULCAS FSS系列将迷彩提升到了一个新的水平. 内置的低通滤波器允许通信和GPS的电磁波通过, 同时抵消最常见的雷达波长.
ULCAS
The Ultra-Lightweight Camouflage Screen (ULCAS) is the flagship of Saab’s Barracuda camouflage range. It is designed to camouflage deployed assets ranging from groups of personnel to static vehicles and command posts. Patterns, 颜色和3D结构用来模仿周围地形的背景, while special pigments help the system to avoid detection by near infrared and short-wave infrared sensors. 它还可以防御1-100 GHz范围内的雷达侦察和寻的导弹.